Prebiotic Strategies to Manage Lactose Intolerance Symptoms.

Lactose intolerance, which affects about 65-75% of the world's population, is caused by a genetic post-weaning deficiency of lactase, the enzyme required to digest the milk sugar lactose, called lactase non-persistence. Symptoms of lactose intolerance include abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea. Genetic variations, namely lactase persistence, allow some individuals to metabolize lactose effectively post-weaning, a trait thought to be an evolutionary adaptation to dairy consumption. Although lactase non-persistence cannot be altered by diet, prebiotic strategies, including the consumption of galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) and possibly low levels of lactose itself, may shift the microbiome and mitigate symptoms of lactose consumption. This review discusses the etiology of lactose intolerance and the efficacy of prebiotic approaches like GOSs and low-dose lactose in symptom management.

Nanoscale colocalized thermal and chemical mapping of pharmaceutical powder aerosols.

Inhalation of pharmaceutical aerosol formulations is widely used to treat respiratory diseases. Spatially resolved thermal characterization offers promise for better understanding drug release rates from particles; however, this has been an analytical challenge due to the small particle size (from a few micrometers down to nanometers) and the complex composition of the formulations. Here, we employ nano-thermal analysis (nanoTA) to probe the nanothermal domain of a pharmaceutical aerosol formulation containing a mixture of fluticasone propionate (FP), salmeterol xinafoate (SX), and excipient lactose, which is widely used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) and AFM force measurements are performed to provide nanochemical and nanomechanical information to complement the nanothermal data. The colocalized thermal and chemical mapping clearly reveals the surface heterogeneity of the drugs in the aerosol particles and demonstrates the contribution of the surface chemical composition to the variation in the thermal properties of the particles. We present a powerful analytical approach for in-depth characterization of thermal/chemical/morphological properties of dry powder inhaler particles at micro- and nanometer scales. This approach can be used to facilitate the comparison between generics and reference inhalation products and further the development of high-performance pharmaceutical formulations.

Regulation of lactose, glucose and sucrose metabolisms in S. thermophilus.

Streptococcus thermophilus is a bacterium widely used in the production of yogurts and cheeses, where it efficiently ferments lactose, the saccharide naturally present in milk. It is also employed as a starter in dairy- or plant-based fermented foods that contain saccharides other than lactose (e.g., sucrose, glucose). However, little is known about how saccharide use is regulated, in particular when saccharides are mixed. Here, we determine the effect of the 5 sugars that S. thermophilus is able to use, at different concentration and when they are mixed on the promoter activities of the C-metabolism genes. Using a transcriptional fusion approach, we discovered that lactose and glucose modulated the activity of the lacS and scrA promoters in a concentration-dependent manner. When mixed with lactose, glucose also repressed the two promoter activities; when mixed with sucrose, lactose still repressed scrA promoter activity. We determined that catabolite control protein A (CcpA) played a key role in these dynamics. We also showed that promoter activity was linked with glycolytic flux, which varied depending on saccharide type and concentration. Overall, this study identified key mechanisms in carbohydrate metabolism - autoregulation and partial hierarchical control - and demonstrated that they are partly mediated by CcpA.

Potential biological functions and future perspectives of sialylated milk oligosaccharides.

Sialyllactoses (SLs) primarily include sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMOs). First, the safety assessment of 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) revealed low toxicity in various animal models and human participants. SLs constitute a unique milk component, highlighting the essential nutrients and bioactive components crucial for infant development, along with numerous associated health benefits for various diseases. This review explores the safety, biosynthesis, and potential biological effects of SLs, with a specific focus on their influence across various physiological systems, including the gastrointestinal system, immune disorders, rare genetic disorders (such as GNE myopathy), cancers, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diverse cancers, and viral infections, thus indicating their therapeutic potential.

Optimizing microbioreactor cultivation strategies for Trichoderma reesei: from batch to fed-batch operations.

BACKGROUND: Filamentous fungi have long been recognized for their exceptional enzyme production capabilities. Among these, Trichoderma reesei has emerged as a key producer of various industrially relevant enzymes and is particularly known for the production of cellulases. Despite the availability of advanced gene editing techniques for T. reesei, the cultivation and characterization of resulting strain libraries remain challenging, necessitating well-defined and controlled conditions with higher throughput. Small-scale cultivation devices are popular for screening bacterial strain libraries. However, their current use for filamentous fungi is limited due to their complex morphology. RESULTS: This study addresses this research gap through the development of a batch cultivation protocol using a microbioreactor for cellulase-producing T. reesei strains (wild type, RutC30 and RutC30 TR3158) with offline cellulase activity analysis. Additionally, the feasibility of a microscale fed-batch cultivation workflow is explored, crucial for mimicking industrial cellulase production conditions. A batch cultivation protocol was developed and validated using the BioLector microbioreactor, a Round Well Plate, adapted medium and a shaking frequency of 1000 rpm. A strong correlation between scattered light intensity and cell dry weight underscores the reliability of this method in reflecting fungal biomass formation, even in the context of complex fungal morphology. Building on the batch results, a fed-batch strategy was established for T. reesei RutC30. Starting with a glucose concentration of 2.5 g l - 1 in the batch phase, we introduced a dual-purpose lactose feed to induce cellulase production and prevent carbon catabolite repression. Investigating lactose feeding rates from 0.3 to 0.75 g (l h) - 1 , the lowest rate of 0.3 g (l h) - 1 revealed a threefold increase in cellobiohydrolase and a fivefold increase in ß -glucosidase activity compared to batch processes using the same type and amount of carbon sources. CONCLUSION: We successfully established a robust microbioreactor batch cultivation protocol for T. reesei wild type, RutC30 and RutC30 TR3158, overcoming challenges associated with complex fungal morphologies. The study highlights the effectiveness of microbioreactor workflows in optimizing cellulase production with T. reesei, providing a valuable tool for simultaneous assessment of critical bioprocess parameters and facilitating efficient strain screening. The findings underscore the potential of microscale fed-batch strategies for enhancing enzyme production capabilities, revealing insights for future industrial applications in biotechnology.

Optimizing semen cryopreservation in Calomys laucha: a step forward in rodent reproductive research.

BACKGROUND: Examining semen cryopreservation in Calomys laucha offers valuable insights for reproductive research and species conservation. OBJECTIVE: To determine the most effective sugar for the cryopreservation of C. laucha semen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using 36 epididymides from C. laucha, semen samples were diluted in a 3% skimmed milk medium supplemented with one of four sugars (glucose, fructose, lactose, or sucrose) at a concentration of 0.3 M. These mixtures underwent a conditioning phase at 37 degree C for 10 min, cooled to -80 degree C for another 10 min, and were subsequently stored in liquid nitrogen. RESULTS: Upon thawing, samples treated with lactose and glucose solutions show superior sperm motility, achieving 8.2% and 10.0% respectively, in contrast to the fructose (2.0%) and sucrose (4.1%) mixtures. Furthermore, samples preserved in glucose registered the highest sperm penetration rates, reaching 44.9%. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that a cryopreservation medium containing 0.3 M glucose can contribute to the safeguarding C. laucha rodent semen. https://doi.org/10.54680/fr24210110612.

Phylogeny and structural modeling of the transcription factor CsqR (YihW) from Escherichia coli.

CsqR (YihW) is a local transcription factor that controls expression of yih genes involved in degradation of sulfoquinovose in Escherichia coli. We recently showed that expression of the respective gene cassette might be regulated by lactose. Here, we explore the phylogenetic and functional traits of CsqR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CsqR had a conserved Met25. Western blot demonstrated that CsqR was synthesized in the bacterial cell as two protein forms, 28.5 (CsqR-l) and 26 kDa (CsqR-s), the latter corresponding to start of translation at Met25. CsqR-s was dramatically activated during growth with sulfoquinovose as a sole carbon source, and displaced CsqR-l in the stationary phase during growth on rich medium. Molecular dynamic simulations revealed two possible states of the CsqR-s structure, with the interdomain linker being represented by either a disordered loop or an ɑ-helix. This helix allowed the hinge-like motion of the N-terminal domain resulting in a switch of CsqR-s between two conformational states, "open" and "compact". We then modeled the interaction of both CsqR forms with putative effectors sulfoquinovose, sulforhamnose, sulfoquinovosyl glycerol, and lactose, and revealed that they all preferred the same pocket in CsqR-l, while in CsqR-s there were two possible options dependent on the linker structure.

Lactose intolerance and levothyroxine malabsorption: a review of the literature and report of a series of patients treated with liquid L-T4 without lactose.

In hypothyroid patients needing large doses of levothyroxine (L-T4) (>1.7-2 µg/kg/day) to reach euthyroidism, lactose intolerance (LI) needs to be excluded, owing to the high prevalence in the population. If LI is present, a lactose-free diet decreases the rate of L-T4 malabsorption. However, an increased requirement of L-T4 is described in patients with LI, which can be beneficially treated using lactose-free L-T4 formulation. The lactose-free liquid L-T4 formulation is able to circumvent LI malabsorption leading to the normalization of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and long-term stable TSH levels.

"A lactose-modified chitosan accelerates chondrogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells spheroids".

Spheroids derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are of limited use for cartilage regeneration, as the viability of the cells progressively decreases during the period required for chondrogenic differentiation (21 days). In this work, spheroids based on hMSCs and a lactose-modified chitosan (CTL) were formed by seeding cells onto an air-dried coating of CTL. The polymer coating can inhibit cell adhesion and it is simultaneously incorporated into spheroid structure. CTL-spheroids were characterized from a morphological and biological perspective, and their properties were compared with those of spheroids obtained by seeding the cells onto a non-adherent surface (agar gel). Compared to the latter, smaller and more viable spheroids form in the presence of CTL as early as 4 days of culture. At this time point, analysis of stem cells differentiation in spheroids showed a remarkable increase in collagen type-2 (COL2A1) gene expression (~700-fold compared to day 0), whereas only a 2-fold increase was observed in the control spheroids at day 21. These results were confirmed by histological and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, which showed that in CTL-spheroids an early deposition of collagen with a banding structure already occurred at day 7. Overall, these results support the use of CTL-spheroids as a novel system for cartilage regeneration, characterized by increased cell viability and differentiation capacity within a short time-frame. This will pave the way for approaches aimed at increasing the success rate of procedures and reducing the time required for tissue regeneration.

Rheological and tribological properties of native potato starch agglomerated by fluidized bed granulator.

We explored the rheological and tribological properties of potato starch agglomerated with a sugar binder (maltodextrin or lactose) at various concentrations by using a fluidized bed granulator. The magnitudes of consistency index and apparent viscosity of agglomerated potato starch (APS) decreased as the binder concentration was increased. Moreover, APS with a sugar binder showed lower viscoelastic moduli and higher tan δ values compared to APS with water as the binder (the control). The gel strength of all agglomerates decreased as the sugar concentration was increased. All samples showed anti-thixotropic behavior, and especially, APS with 20 % lactose showed a small anti-thixotropic area. Utilizing the Arrhenius equation clearly elucidated the effect of temperature on the apparent viscosity of all the samples. Although the maltodextrin concentration had little influence on the activation energy of APS, it increased as the lactose concentration was increased. APS samples with a sugar binder showed greater friction coefficient values compared to the control, with maltodextrin having a significant impact. The findings indicate that the rheological and tribological properties of APS rely on the type and concentration of sugar binder.

Tableting behavior of freeze and spray-dried excipients in pharmaceutical formulations.

Most of biopharmaceuticals, in their liquid form, are prone to instabilities during storage. In order to improve their stability, lyophilization is the most commonly used drying technique in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, certain applications of biopharmaceutical products can be considered by oral administration and tablets are the most frequent solid pharmaceutical dosage form used for oral route. Thus, the tableting properties of freeze-dried products used as cryo and lyoprotectant could be a key element for future pharmaceutical developments and applications. In this study, we investigated the properties that might play a particular role in the specific compaction behavior of freeze-dried excipients. The tableting properties of freeze-dried trehalose, lactose and mannitol were investigated and compared to other forms of these excipients (spray-dried, commercial crystalline and commercial crystalline milled powders). The obtained results showed a specific behavior in terms of compressibility, tabletability and brittleness for the amorphous powders obtained after freeze-drying. The comparison with the other powders showed that this specific tableting behavior is linked to both the specific texture and the physical state (amorphization) of these freeze-dried powders.

Nutritional Strategies To Improve VRE Control.

The rise of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) strains among cellular therapy recipients raises concerns due to increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization costs, particularly impacting transplanted patients with diminished survival expectations. Recent research linking lactose to Enterococcus growth and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) emphasizes the need for data on reducing lactose in the diets of VRE-carrying patients, especially in cellular therapy contexts like CAR-T or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Responding to elevated VRE positivity rates in rectal swabs among patients in our BMT Unit, a unique nutritional strategy was implemented, introducing lactose-free milk and strictly enforcing lactose-free diets. This approach resulted in a significant reduction in VRE carriers, with a 16% positivity rate in the Lactose Group versus 3.6% in the Lactose-Free Group, as of June 2023. These results indicate the potential efficacy of this innovative nutritional strategy in high-risk departments, such as BMT Units and Intensive Care Units, with implications for reducing isolation strategies and inappropriate antibiotic use in cases of VRE colonization.

Hepatoprotective activity of Lactéol® forte and quercetin dihydrate against thioacetamide-induced hepatic cirrhosis in male albino rats.

Liver cirrhosis is a silent disease in humans and is experimentally induced by many drugs and toxins as thioacetamide (TAA) in particular, which is the typical model for experimental induction of hepatic fibrosis. Thus, the objective of the present study was to elucidate the possible protective effects of lactéol® forte (LF) and quercetin dihydrate (QD) against TAA-induced hepatic damage in male albino rats. Induction of hepatotoxicity was performed by TAA injection (200 mg/kg I/P, twice/ week) in rats. LF (1 × 109 CFU/rat 5 times/week) and QD (50 mg/kg 5 times/week) treated groups were administered concurrently with TAA injection (200 mg/kg I/P, twice/ week). The experimental treatments were conducted for 12 weeks. Hepatotoxicity was evaluated biochemically by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the serum and histopathologically with the scoring of histopathological changes besides histochemical assessment of collagen by Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemical analysis for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Ki67 and caspase-3 expression in liver sections. Our results indicated that LF and QD attenuated some biochemical changes and histochemical markers in TAA-mediated hepatotoxicity in rats by amelioration of biochemical markers and collagen, α-SMA, Ki67 and caspase3 Immunoexpression. Additionally, LF and QD supplementation downregulated the proliferative, necrotic, fibroblastic changes, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions, hyaline globules and Mallory-like bodies that were detected histopathologically in the TAA group. In conclusion, LF showed better hepatic protection than QD against TAA-induced hepatotoxicity in rats by inhibiting inflammatory reactions with the improvement of some serum hepatic transaminases, histopathological picture and immunohistochemical markers.

Efficient Biosynthesis of Lacto-N-Biose I, a Building Block of Type I Human Milk Oligosaccharides, by a Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli.

Lacto-N-biose I (LNB), termed a Type 1 disaccharide, is an important building block of human milk oligosaccharides. It shows promising prebiotic activity by stimulating the proliferation of many gut-associated bifidobacteria and thus displays good potential in infant foods or supplements. Enzymatic and microbial approaches to LNB synthesis have been studied, almost all of which involve glycosylation of LNB phosphorylase as the final step. Herein, we report a new and easier microbial LNB synthesis strategy through the route "lactose → lacto-N-triose II (LNTri II) → lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) → LNB". A previously constructed LNT-producing Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain was engineered for LNB biosynthesis by introducing Bifidobacterium bifidum LnbB. LNB was efficiently produced, accompanied by lactose regeneration. Genomic integration of key pathway genes related to LNTri II and LNT synthesis was performed to enhance LNB titers. The final engineered strain produced 3.54 and 26.88 g/L LNB by shake-flask and fed-batch cultivation, respectively.

Phage formulations and delivery strategies: Unleashing the potential against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Bacterial control promoted by bacteriophages (phages) is an attractive tool in the face of the antibiotic crisis triggered by the exacerbated use of these drugs. Despite the growing interest in using these viruses, some gaps still need answers, such as the protection and delivery of phages. Some limitation points involve the degradation of phage proteins by enzymes or inactivation in low-pH environments. In this review, a literature search using keywords related to the field of virus delivery formulations was done to understand the current scenario of using delivery techniques and phage formulations. A total of 2096 raw results were obtained, which resulted in 140 publications after refinement. These studies were analyzed for main application techniques and areas, keywords, and countries. Of the total, 57% of the publications occurred in the last five years, and the encapsulation technique was the most used among the articles analyzed. As excipient agents, lactose, trehalose, mannitol, PEG, and Leucine stand out. The development of phage formulations, protection approaches, their delivery routes, and the knowledge about the best application strategy enables the use of these organisms in several sectors. It can act as a powerful tool against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Critical attributes of fine excipient materials in carrier-based dry powder inhalation formulations: The particle shape and surface properties.

The potential of fine excipient materials to improve the aerodynamic performance of carrier-based dry powder inhalation (DPI) formulations is well acknowledged but not fully elucidated. To improve the understanding of this potential, we studied two fine excipient materials: micronized lactose particles and silica microspheres. Inhalation formulations, each composed of a coarse lactose carrier, one of the two fine excipient materials (0.0-15.0 % w/w), and a spray-dried drug (fluticasone propionate) material (1.5 % w/w) were prepared. The physical structure, the flow behavior, the aerosolization behavior, and the aerodynamic performance of the formulations were studied. The two fine excipient materials similarly occupied carrier surface macropores. However, only the micronized lactose particles formed agglomerates and appeared to increase the tensile strength of the formulations. At 2.5 % w/w, the two fine excipient materials similarly improved drug dispersibility, whereas at higher concentrations, the micronized lactose material was more beneficial than the silica microspheres. The findings suggest that fine excipient materials improve drug dispersibility from carrier-based DPI formulations at low concentrations by filling carrier surface macropores and at high concentrations by forming agglomerates and/or enforcing fluidization. The study emphasizes critical attributes of fine excipient materials in carrier-based DPI formulations.

Characterization and application of active human α2,6-sialyltransferases ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI recombined in Escherichia coli.

Eukaryotic sialyltransferases play key roles in many physiological and pathological events. The expression of active human recombinant sialyltransferases in bacteria is still challenging. In the current study, the genes encoding human N-acetylgalactosaminide α2,6-sialyltransferase V (hST6GalNAc V) and N-acetylgalactosaminide α2,6-sialyltransferase VI (hST6GalNAc VI) lacking the N-terminal transmembrane domains were cloned into the expression vectors, pET-32a and pET-22b, respectively. Soluble and active forms of recombinant hST6GalNAc V and hST6GalNAc VI when coexpressed with the chaperone plasmid pGro7 were successfully achieved in Escherichia coli. Further, lactose (Lac), Lacto-N-triose II (LNT II), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), and sialyllacto-N-tetraose a (LSTa) were used as acceptor substrates to investigate their activities and substrate specificities. Unexpectedly, both can transfer sialic acid onto all those substrates. Compared with hST6GalNAc V expressed in the mammalian cells, the recombinant two α2,6-sialyltransferases in bacteria displayed flexible substrate specificities and lower enzymatic efficiency. In addition, an important human milk oligosaccharide disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT) can be synthesized by both human α2,6-sialyltransferases expressed in E. coli using LSTa as an acceptor substrate. To the best of our knowledge, these two active human α2,6-sialyltransferases enzymes were expressed in bacteria for the first time. They showed a high potential to be applied in biotechnology and investigating the molecular mechanisms of biological and pathological interactions related to sialylated glycoconjugates.

Cold-induced damage in boar sperm cooled to 5°C in Lactose Egg Yolk (LEY) medium with different Glycerol concentrations.

Boar sperm is highly susceptible to cold damage. When temperature drops to 5°C, the plasmatic membrane is destabilized. The freezing process causes a reduction of the fertility window because frozen/thawed boar sperm has less survivability. The aim of this work was to analyze the effect on sperm characteristics and response to capacitation stimuli of cooling to 5°C using a controlled protocol. Also, we evaluated if the addition of Glycerol 2% or 3% at 5°C was able to modify these parameters. For this purpose, we assessed motility, plasmatic membrane integrity and acrosomal membrane status. Capacitation was induced using Tyrode´s capacitating medium (TCM) and assessed by chlortetracycline stain and induction of acrosomal reaction with Progesterone. Motility patterns were analyzed using a CASA system. These tests were performed at three different points of the freezing curve: 37°C; 17°C and 5°C. Response to TCM vs TBM was only significant at 37°C. While at 37°C and 17°C capacitated sperm was below 20%, at 5°C reached 50% both in the TBM and TCM. CASA analysis showed that spermatozoa exposed to TCM had higher LIN and WOB than those in TBM. All parameters were similar in the Glycerol concentrations studied. These results suggest that the chilling process may be causing an effect similar to cryocapacitation along the cooling curve, starting subtle at 17°C and reaching 50% of the sperm population at 5°C, being independent of Glycerol concentration.

An interlaboratory study on the detection method for Escherichia albertii in food using real time PCR assay and selective agars.

Escherichia albertii is an emerging enteropathogen. Although E. albertii-specific detection and isolation methods have been developed, their efficiency on food samples have not yet been systematically studied. To establish a series of effective methods for detecting E. albertii in food, an interlaboratory study was conducted in 11 laboratories using enrichment with modified E. coli broth supplemented with cefixime and tellurite (CT-mEC), real-time PCR assay, and plating on four kinds of selective agars. This study focused on the detection efficiency of an E. albertii-specific real-time PCR assay (EA-rtPCR) and plating on deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar (DHL), MacConkey agar (MAC), DHL supplemented with rhamnose and xylose (RX-DHL), and MAC supplemented with rhamnose and xylose (RX-MAC). Chicken and bean sprout samples were inoculated with E. albertii either at 17.7 CFU/25 g (low inoculation level) or 88.5 CFU/25 g (high inoculation level), and uninoculated samples were used as controls. The sensitivity of EA-rtPCR was 1.000 for chicken and bean sprout samples inoculated with E. albertii at low and high inoculation levels. The Ct values of bean sprout samples were higher than those of the chicken samples. Analysis of microbial distribution by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in enriched cultures of bean sprout samples showed that approximately >96 % of the population comprised unidentified genus of family Enterobacteriaceae and genus Acinetobacter in samples which E. albertii was not isolated. The sensitivity of the plating methods for chicken and bean sprout samples inoculated with a high inoculation level of E. albertii was 1.000 and 0.848-0.970, respectively. The sensitivity of the plating methods for chicken and bean sprout samples inoculated with a low inoculation level of E. albertii was 0.939-1.000 and 0.515-0.727, respectively. The E. albertii-positive rate in all colonies isolated in this study was 89-90 % in RX-DHL and RX-MAC, and 64 and 44 % in DHL and MAC, respectively. Therefore, the sensitivity of RX-supplemented agar was higher than that of the agars without these sugars. Using a combination of enrichment in CT-mEC and E. albertii isolation on selective agars supplemented with RX, E. albertii at an inoculation level of over 17.5 CFU/25 g of food was detected with a sensitivity of 1.000 and 0.667-0.727 in chicken and bean sprouts, respectively. Therefore, screening for E. albertii-specific genes using EA-rtPCR followed by isolation with RX-DHL or RX-MAC is an efficient method for E. albertii detection in food.

Oligosaccharide profiles as potential biomarkers for detecting adulteration of caprine dairy products with bovine dairy products.

Adulteration of caprine dairy products raises concerns among consumers. This study aimed to identify the differences in oligosaccharide profiles of caprine dairy products, including raw milk, colostrum powder, and lactose powder, and their corresponding bovine dairy products, and provide new insights for detecting adulteration of bovine dairy products in caprine dairy products. Twenty-seven oligosaccharides were detected in caprine and bovine dairy products. The principal component analysis plot of the oligosaccharide profiles clearly differentiated among the six types of dairy products. Specific oligosaccharides that were most distinctive for caprine and bovine dairy products were identified. Lacto-N-triose (LNTri) could be used as a potential biomarker for distinguishing caprine milk from bovine milk, caprine colostrum powder from bovine colostrum powder, and caprine lactose powder from bovine lactose powder. The results demonstrated that oligosaccharides could be used as biomarkers for detecting bovine dairy products in caprine dairy products, especially caprine lactose powder.